ADVERTISEMENT
ADVERTISEMENT

Key-Off Effect on Digital Pianos

  • The key-off effect enhances the realism of digital piano sounds and software pianos. This rather subtle sound detail occurs on acoustic pianos when the dampers touch the strings.
  • Experienced pianists make use of the release speed to control the decay.
  • The sound of mid-range digital pianos already includes the key-off effect. High-end digital pianos implement a more nuanced sound, which also takes the resonances of aliquot and duplex strings into account.
Key-Off Effect Kawai Grand Piano
Image Source: Kawai
ADVERTISEMENT

The key-off effect simulates the characteristic sound of the dampers touching the piano strings. On digital pianos, key-off samples reproduce this sound behavior. It should not be confused with the mechanical hammer noise (fallback noise) that is also included in many piano simulations.

ADVERTISEMENT
ADVERTISEMENT
Without the key-off effect, the decay of a digital piano lacks authenticity and expression.

Key-Off Samples & Piano Sound?

In most acoustic instruments, damping stops the vibration of a tone. On an acoustic upright or grand piano, this happens mechanically when the dampers touch the strings. Many factors affect the final result here: For example, when you play the note loudly and staccato, this process sounds different than when you hold it note for a long time and release it slowly.

The key-off moment is a playful element that pianists control in many different variations through the release speed. If we look at the world of electronic musical instruments, we find that the Release Velocity function represents this element. In addition, this function is also used to vary the key-off samples of digital pianos or software pianos in a controlled manner.

The dampers touching the strings produces a characteristic sound.
When a note is released, the speed at which the dampers touch the strings affects the sound. (Photo: Jörg Sunderkötter)

Without the key-off effect, the sound of a digital piano lacks authenticity and expression. When you’re playing a piano piece, the missing details will make your digital piano sound somewhat colorless. However, the key-off function is just one of many sound details that sound generators of modern digital pianos and software pianos take into account. On most digital pianos, you can find all of these settings in one special section and adjust them individually: Virtual Technician (Kawai), Piano Designer (Roland), Piano Room (Yamaha Smart Pianist).

Most mid-range digital pianos already feature the key-off effect. Higher-priced digital pianos implement a more nuanced sound, which also takes the resonances of aliquot strings and duplex scale into account.

How the Key-Off Effect Works

Technically speaking, key-off samples are release samples, a technique developed in the samplers of the 80s and 90s. Its original purpose was to allow for a more realistic reproduction of the specific decay of acoustic instruments. Normally, playing a key triggers a sound; with key-off samples, the opposite is true: the MIDI function Note Off triggers the key-off samples. The intensity with which this happens is measured by the velocity at which the keys are released. The resulting value is called Release Velocity.

Smooth Release

On Yamaha digital pianos, you can find the term Smooth Release in addition to the key-off effect. This technique is essentially a part of the key-off effect that varies the key-off sound depending on how quickly you release the keys. On an acoustic piano, the decay phase is quite dynamic, depending on whether you play short notes staccato or portato, or release the note very gently. The velocity and duration of the note must also influence the key-off effect, otherwise we would perceive the decay of the notes as unnatural. Yamaha digital pianos with Smooth Release can simulate this sound behavior very authentically.

ADVERTISEMENT

Related Articles

30.06.2024 · Buy Modartt Pianoteq: Physical Modeling Software Piano

Modartt Pianoteq is a physical modeling instrument. All acoustic properties are generated synthetically, eliminating the need for gigabyte-heavy libraries. This offers significant advantages over conventional software pianos - especially in terms of flexibility, sonic variety, ...

24.04.2024 · Buy Earth Day: Rhodes MK8 Earth Edition

In celebration of Earth Day, rhodesmusic.com is proud to announce the Rhodes MK8 Earth Edition, a limited edition of the electromagnetic piano in a special design. The special edition is limited to 50 units and ...

22.04.2024 · Buy Digital Piano with Wooden Keys: What Differences Are There?

When you hear that a digital piano has wooden keys, you likely expect a realistic playing feel. But while many manufacturers advertise this as a quality feature, not all 'wooden' keyboards actually have real wooden ...

22.03.2024 · Buy Product Review: Yamaha TransAcoustic Piano - Hybrid Piano

Acoustic or digital piano? With a Yamaha TransAcoustic Piano, you don't have to choose! This special hybrid piano technology combines the best of both worlds. Volume control on an acoustic piano - normally reserved for ...

02.11.2023 · Buy Best Digital Piano for Beginners: Testing Electric Pianos

Which is the best digital piano for beginners? Most people don't want to spend too much money at first, but is an extremely cheap beginner's model suitable for learning the piano at all? For this ...

03.08.2023 · Buy What is USB MIDI/Audio on Digital Pianos?

Digital pianos and mobile devices - a combination that has become increasingly important in recent years. Whether iPad & Co. or music computer - the USB MIDI/Audio function is the simplest and most reliable connection ...

01.06.2023 · Buy USB Audio Interface: Play Piano with VSTs & Apps

Playing piano on a computer or mobile device can be convenient, but unfortunately, not all laptops, tablets, and smartphones can match the high audio quality of today's software pianos. For this reason, we recommend using ...

05.01.2023 · Buy Digital Piano Review 2024: The Best Digital Pianos

Which digital piano is the best? In most cases, the answer to this question comes down to budget. But be it for a beginner or an advanced player: Besides the price, sound and fun when ...

09.12.2022 · Buy Best Digital Piano under 500 Euros: E-Pianos for Beginners

Concert grand piano sound in the living room - a digital piano for beginners ideally also fulfills this dream. With a digital piano under 500 euros you should not look for the most extensive set ...

23.06.2022 · Buy Digital Piano under 1000 Euros: Piano Made Affordable

If you want to buy a digital piano for under 1000 euros, there is a diverse selection of portable pianos and home pianos. The closer your budget gets to the 1000 euro mark, the higher ...

25.02.2022 · Buy Musikhaus Thomann: 100 Years of Hans Thomann Senior

Musikhaus Thomann: What is now a billion-dollar logistics center and retailer of musical instruments and equipment began as a traditional music store in the idyllic Upper Franconian village of Treppendorf, Germany. Thomann now celebrates a ...

16.05.2021 · Buy Buying a Digital Piano Pedal: Sustain Pedals for Digital Pianos

Every piano has three pedals: soft, sostenuto, and sustain - what else is there to know? Quite a lot actually! Especially if you want to buy a digital piano pedal as an accessory. Sustain pedals ...